Marks of Ownership: Arizona Livestock Branding in the 1800s

Hoof and horn. (Prescott, Ariz.), 27 June 1889. Chronicling America

These cattle belong to two people in our cemetery (hint: one of them was moved to San Diego).  Can you guess who they are?  

In the late 1800s, livestock branding in Arizona was essential for ranchers to establish ownership of their cattle and protect against rustling, a common issue in the vast and often lawless frontier. Branding involved burning a unique symbol into the hide of the cattle, a practice that dated back centuries and was crucial in the open range system where cattle from various ranches mingled freely. Each rancher had a registered brand, and these marks were meticulously recorded to prevent disputes and theft. The harsh landscape of Arizona and the growing cattle industry made branding an indispensable tool for ranch management and economic survival.

For more information on branding in Arizona, these resources have some excellent articles and books:

Chronicling America

"Hoof and Horn" from Prescott Arizona, 1884-1889

"St. Johns Herald and Apache News" from St. Johns, Arizona, 1905-1917

Arizona Memory Project

Arizona Memory Project Brand books form the 1890s