Several Indigenous peoples were directly connected to the early establishment of what is now Phoenix. They were central to the development of the region. They contributed knowledge, irrigation infrastructure, and agricultural expertise that helped sustain the early settler communities in the Salt River Valley. Here are a few examples of their amazing contributions:
Hohokam
The ancient Hohokam civilization developed the extensive irrigation canals in
the Salt River Valley between 300 and 1450 AD, which made the region viable for
large-scale agriculture. These canals were later restored and used by settlers
in the Phoenix area, directly influencing the city’s foundation and
agricultural base.
Akimel O'odham (River People)
Descendants of the Hohokam, the Akimel O'odham continued to live in the region
near the Salt and Gila Rivers. They maintained and adapted some of the
Hohokam’s canal systems and practiced agriculture. The Akimel O'odham were
instrumental in helping early settlers with knowledge of farming techniques and
the local environment.
Piipaash
The Maricopa, or Piipaash, migrated to the area and allied with the Akimel
O'odham along the Gila River. They contributed to the agricultural practices
and trade network in the region, forming a mutually beneficial relationship
with the Akimel O'odham. They brought unique traditions, such as pottery styles
and cultural practices that have enriched the broader landscape of the
area.
We honor and are thankful for all that they did for the city of Phoenix in making it what it is today.
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